What World AIDS Day means for Orphans

Numbers don’t always tell the entire story.

For instance, today, December 1, is World AIDS Day.

If you look at the statistics, 30.8 million adults were living infected with HIV/AIDS worldwide the end of 2009. There were also 2.5 million children, most of them being perinatal (meaning, they received the infection from their mother in utero).

That isn’t taking into account the millions who die from AIDS every year.

As it stands, AIDS is a humanitarian endemic. Those numbers, especially in sub-Saharan Africa and South-East Asia are mind-blowing.

What happens to the children? I’m not only referring to the children who are infected with the disease, I’m referring to those who have lost a parent to AIDS. In some countries, over 70% of all orphans are because of AIDS.

They begin to suffer from depression and anger, studies show. They experience exploitation and abuse. Even while the parent is alive, quite often, they feel emotional and physical neglect.

They aren’t cared for, long before the parent dies. They have a social stigma after the parent dies, because of suspicion of their own status. Their remaining family, if it exists, cannot afford to take care of them.

Of course, some children in Swaziland simply raise themselves. But that is not a solution.

Just some points to think about when you read headlines with statistics.

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An Answer to an Entrepreneur

Late last night, I was catching up with a renowned technology blogger and entrepreneur and I showed him what we are beginning to do on Twitter and on the blog. He asked me quite bluntly, “will anyone actually click a link about orphans?” To be honest, I hadn’t thought about that.
When you are fully immersed in any area, whether it is as business or passion, you tend to forget that you care more about that more than anyone else. To be honest, no one at your holiday party really cares about what you are working on, beyond polite chit chat.
In the 1980s, Sally Struthers worked with Christian Children’s Fund (now ChildFund International) to create the ubiquitous “dollar a day” campaign, and the campaign had orphans send letters to donors. People felt like they were adopting children across the world, and it helped create an emotional bond, at least for the donating party.

But the question remains, is there any gain for clicking on a link about orphans and reading an article that will not necessarily help you out in your day-to-day life?

Much ado has been made about our living in a 24 hour news cycle. We follow wars, natural disasters, financial downturns and political decisions with great gusto. The moment a juicier story enters the cycle, we all but forget about the war, flood, depression or vote.

Stories about children are really the stories about what happens next.

When 10,000 die, 40,000 orphans can be created in a day. When a civil war breaks out and we gloss over the number of civilians killed, we don’t think of the repercussions for the children they loved and cared for. The world is always ready to help during a disaster, but 3 months later, it has moved on to a different part of the world. Americans don’t need to look beyond our own Civil War to see a nation stripped of young fathers.

Admittedly, the numbers are staggering. Even if we were to think about it, our initial reaction would be that nothing we can do could possibly help. So we, thankfully, start focusing on something else.

But not everyone forgets. Some people, like Derreck Kayongo, don’t forget where they came from, and they don’t remember the problems that, literally, plague their hometowns. Other people, like Natalie Pinkham, don’t forget the volunteer work they did during their summer break over a decade ago.

There are couples, like Delphine and Guillaume Gauvain, who see an under-served market, recognize a method that worked elsewhere and attempt to synthesize the new market and the old method. All these individuals became entrepreneurs, in their own respective way, for social good.

None of them set out to change the world. Instead they set out to change the lives of a small number of children, who in turn, may change the world.

Of course, not every link is a writeup about a niche entrepreneur who cashed in his 401k to buy a machine to recycle soap so orphans in Africa could reduce the transmission of disease by over 40%.

Some links may elucidate problems that you are fortunate enough to know how to solve. Others may just inform you about the world we live in, the world that’s not necessarily covered on the news every day.

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The “Orphanage” Word & Generalities

I began a conversation with a friend the other day and mentioned that I was reading up on orphanages. His face went pale for a second, and his visceral reaction was of disgust.“Orphanages are horrible places,” he remarked, “terrible things happen in them.” Treading very lightly, I carefully asked if he was a product of the system. He responded in the negative. “But I saw this horrible documentary on them.”

Two hours before, I was reading a book that said exactly the opposite. It spoke of a group of children that grew up in New York in the 1960s and still remained a surrogate family 30 years later.

Most people think of Charles Dickens when they hear the word “orphanage”. Many of them were horrible places, plagued by financial woes, lack of resources and overcrowding.

This is the problem with generalities. There may be good places and bad places. Good people and bad people. Good intentions and bad intentions.

UNICEF now suggests that everyone move into a home living situation. In the past, many orphanages were actually started because some foster parents were abusing the system. Jane Aronson, the CEO and Founder of Orphans Worldwide, thinks that orphanages should be downsized into more manageable sizes.

It isn’t the place of this blog to take a side. The GIOH, for instance, has evolved over the past 110 years into having girls living both on premises and in foster homes, but providing a framework to help them out.

Understanding why orphanages or other alternatives were founded is an integral part in understanding the role of the orphanage or other out-of-home child care today.

The change in orphan care today has to be a charge towards individuality. Each child is unique. There is no golden solution that is going to be for everyone.

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Who is an orphan?

Upon starting to research orphanages, every book I read quickly qualified that many of the inhabitants of orphanages throughout the ages, were not in fact full orphans. Many were half-orphans, for instance. Or my aunt told me about how many parents during the Depression used to send their children to an orphanage (or some other sort of home) for one week a month when they were unable to afford food.

Many orphanages in the 19th and 20th century were opened originally because of Cholera or some other epidemic, or after the Civil War when thousands of children were newly orphaned. During the Irish Famine, there were hundreds of thousands of children under the age of 15 in the newly-opened workhouses. After the tsunami in 2004, orphanages were opened to deal with the massive number of new orphans.

Child Services in many countries will remove a child from his/her parents if there are signs of neglect or ill-health of the parents. Even today, many parents would send a developmentally or physically disabled child to a home that is able to better care for their child than they could.

Women ashamed of being unwed mothers or mothering illegitimate children would place their babies on the stairs of churches, convents and hospitals in many countries. Interestingly enough, many of these mothers would come back and act as wet nurses for their own babies. It was like when Moses, in the book of Exodus, would only nurse from his mother while he was living in the Princess of Egypt’s house.

Wherever the children come from, for whatever the reason, they still remain in the same state of need.

Therefore, we created a very basic chart that breaks down why a child would ever need “substitute child care”. Research and analysis of each category and subcategory on this chart can fill volumes. Each child has extremely different physical and emotional needs.

It’s only a non-definitive roadmap to start understanding the plight of children in need and the institutions created to care for them.

Why do some children - need - "Substitute Child Care"?

Why do some children need "Substitute Child Care"?

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And so it begins…

Upon deciding to blog about the plight of orphans and the state of orphanages around the world, I quickly found that I had writer’s block.

In the past, I’ve spoken with many people who work with underprivileged children, I’ve read books about orphanages and have perused many an article on the matter. But I couldn’t string together two sentences.

I thought about listing statistics of the world events that have created the innumerable amounts of orphans in matters of months, weeks and days. I considered composing a well researched comparison of all religions and their respective commandments and views about orphans.

I began to write about the amazing and awe-inspiring history of the General Israel Orphans Home for Girls is located in Jerusalem, whose website will be the home of this nascent blog.

Nothing seemed right.

I took out a blank sheet of paper and wrote across the top:

What is an orphan?

My intent was to start listing how the concept of what an orphan is has changed over the years. That orphanages don’t only take care of those children who have lost a parent, but also take in children from broken homes, who have been physically and mentally abused, who have no one to care for them.

I realized that I was asking the wrong question.

An orphan is not a “what”.

An orphan is not just a number in some bureaucrat’s ledger.

An orphan is not something we adopt for a dollar a day.

I duly crossed it out and replaced it with:

Who is an orphan?

Yes. We are going to bring statistics on this blog. We are going to list comparative analyses of the state of orphans and orphanages around the world. We are going to write biographies of famous and not-so-famous orphans and former residents of orphanages. We are going to interview people who are making changes for orphans around the world.

I was blessed to be raised in a home by two loving parents. I can never know what an orphan in Jerusalem or Zimbabwe thinks while laying in bed at night. I don’t know what the new “normal” is for her.

The Bible has the positive commandment to “Love your neighbor as you love yourself.” Just as you know yourself, your loves and hates, your good times and bad times, you should do the same unto others. I would posit that until we understand the orphan, we cannot truly love or sufficiently help them.

This is not an isolated campaign. The blog, and our entire social media presence, is going to document our journey of learning. We are going to share other articles, videos, and multimedia items on our Twitter, Facebook and Tumblr accounts, and listen to how you understand what you read.

Thank you for joining with us. Together, we can begin to change the world, one child at a time.

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